What Heart Patients Need to Know about Arrhythmia
If you have been diagnosed with arrhythmia, it is often difficult to know how serious the problem really is. Arrhythmias, or abnormal heart beats, affect many segments of the population, even children, and may or may not be something to worry about. Some arrhythmias are “chronic”, meaning they occur on a consistent basis and can be tracked on an EKG machine. Others are temporary, which means they can be caused by external influences such as drugs, alcohol, tobacco and certain chemical agents. These are more difficult to identify because they occur sporadically throughout the day.
Because some arrhythmias happens so quickly, the patient’s overall heart rhythm is not affected, but when an arrhythmia lasts longer, it can affect the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively. Arrhythmia is broken down into two basic categories: Tachycardia is a fast heartbeat and bradycardia is a slow heart rate.
Typically, the heart rate is faster during stress or physical activity and slower when the body is at rest. Even when there is no sign of heart disease, about 20 percent of adults will have frequent premature ventricular beats, including brief episodes of tachycardia, during a 24 hour period.
The most worrisome type of arrhythmia is caused by damage to the heart muscle, usually from a heart attack. Heart attacks often cause scarring and deposits of abnormal tissue, which can interfere with AV conduction. This often creates areas of electrically “inert” heart tissue, or areas where cells fire abnormally.
Not all arrhythmias are detectable through electrocardiograms, and not all of them have detectable symptoms. However, most patients with a life-threatening arrhythmia will have some symptoms, such as fatigue, fainting, a fluttering feeling in the chest, or difficulty breathing. When these symptoms arise, it is important for patients to visit their doctor immediately for a full EKG work-up.






